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Free North American Veterinary Licensing Examination Practice Questions

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Sample Practice Questions

Try these 10 sample questions from the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination practice bank. Each includes the answer and explanation. Continue with the interactive practice above to review the full question set.

  1. 1A veterinarian treats a group of beef steers with an approved injectable drug in an extralabel manner. The practice record already shows the established name of the drug, the condition treated, the species, the dosage administered, the duration of treatment, and the number of animals treated. Under the federal extralabel drug use regulations, which additional item must that record contain?

    1. A. The specified withdrawal, withholding, or discard time for any food that might be derived from the treated animals
    2. B. The serial number and expiration date shown on the container from which the treatment doses were drawn
    3. C. The complete name and business address of the distributor that supplied the drug product to the practice
    4. D. The result of the on-farm residue screening test run on the treated animals before they were released

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The federal extralabel drug use recordkeeping rule lists the information a veterinarian's records must be adequate to provide, and the last listed item is "The specified withdrawal, withholding, or discard time(s), if applicable, for meat, milk, eggs, or any food which might be derived from any food animals treated." The other three items are genuine record elements of neighboring federal schemes rather than of this one: serial number and expiration date belong to veterinary biologics records, the distributor's complete name and business address is part of the veterinary feed directive distributor notification, and residue screening results are not a listed extralabel record element at all.

    Reference: PART 530—EXTRALABEL DRUG USE IN ANIMALS — 21 CFR 530.5(a)(7)

  2. 2An accredited veterinarian is asked to sign a certificate reporting a laboratory test that a different accredited veterinarian performed on the same herd. The signing veterinarian has exercised reasonable care to confirm the certificate is accurate, and the certificate names the other veterinarian and gives the date and place of the test. What else must the signing veterinarian do with respect to the laboratory result?

    1. A. Keep a copy of the certificate and attach the laboratory's test results or a written record of a confirming conversation with the laboratory
    2. B. Keep a copy of the certificate and attach a signed statement from the other accredited veterinarian confirming the sampling method used
    3. C. Keep a copy of the certificate and attach the shipping paperwork showing the date the specimens reached the designated laboratory
    4. D. Keep a copy of the certificate and attach a statement from the owner confirming the identity of the animals that were sampled

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The standards for accredited veterinarian duties permit signing for another accredited veterinarian's work only under stated conditions, and for a laboratory result the regulation requires that "the signing accredited veterinarian shall keep a copy of the certificate, form, or report and shall attach to it either a copy of the test results issued by the laboratory, or a written record (including date and participants' names) of a conversation between the signing accredited veterinarian and the laboratory confirming the test results." The other options describe real accreditation paperwork (sampling statements, shipment records, owner identification statements) but none is the attachment this provision requires.

    Reference: PART 161—REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS FOR ACCREDITED VETERINARIANS AND SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION OF SUCH ACCREDITATION — 9 CFR 161.4(c)(3)

  3. 3A client's dog has been diagnosed with an aggressive neoplasm and the client must decide whether to pursue treatment. Under the professional code of conduct, what should the veterinarian share to assist that decision?

    1. A. The clinical findings, recommended diagnostic tests and treatment, prognosis, related risks, and estimated cost of services
    2. B. The clinical findings and the recommended treatment, with prognosis withheld until the treatment response is known
    3. C. The recommended treatment and the estimated cost, with the underlying clinical findings summarized only on request
    4. D. The clinical findings and prognosis, with cost discussed only after the client has consented to the treatment plan

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The professional code states that "To assist clients with their decision to accept or decline treatment, veterinarians should share their clinical findings, recommended diagnostic tests and treatment, prognosis, related risks, and estimated cost of services." Withholding the prognosis, summarizing findings only on request, and deferring cost until after consent each remove one of the items this provision names, and the same code elsewhere requires that veterinarian and client confer and reach agreement on responsibility for fees as needs arise.

    Reference: Principles of veterinary medical ethics of the AVMA | American Veterinary Medical Association — Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics, Code of Conduct, Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship

  4. 4A breeder asks a veterinarian to surgically correct an inherited eyelid defect in a dog so that the dog can be shown and later used for breeding. What does the professional code of conduct say about this request?

    1. A. Performing the procedure to conceal a genetic defect in an animal to be shown or bred is unethical, but where the patient's welfare requires correction the veterinarian should recommend the animal not be used for reproduction
    2. B. Performing the procedure is unethical in every circumstance, including where the health or welfare of the individual patient requires correction, and the veterinarian should recommend that the animal not be bred
    3. C. Performing the procedure to conceal a genetic defect is acceptable in an animal to be shown or bred, provided the breeder agrees in writing to disclose the surgery to any future purchaser
    4. D. Performing the procedure to conceal a genetic defect is acceptable in an animal to be shown or bred, provided the relevant breed registry does not currently screen for that defect

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The code addresses both halves of this situation: "Performance of surgical or other procedures in any species for the purpose of concealing genetic defects in animals to be shown, raced, bred, or sold as breeding animals is misleading to the public and is unethical. However, should the health or welfare of the individual patient require correction of such genetic defects, a veterinarian should recommend that the patient not be used for reproduction." A blanket prohibition ignores the welfare exception, and disclosure agreements and registry screening practices are real industry mechanisms that the code does not make determinative.

    Reference: Principles of veterinary medical ethics of the AVMA | American Veterinary Medical Association — Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics, Code of Conduct, Genetic defects

  5. 5A dairy practitioner is setting the retention schedule for the practice's extralabel drug use records. No State law imposes a longer period. Under the federal extralabel drug use regulations, for how long must the veterinarian keep those records?

    1. A. 2 years
    2. B. 1 year
    3. C. 3 years
    4. D. 5 years

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The rule states: "A veterinarian shall keep all required records for 2 years or as otherwise required by Federal or State law, whichever is greater." Because no State law sets a longer period here, the federal two-year minimum controls. One year is the retention period for veterinary feed directive feed manufacturing records, and three and five years are retention periods drawn from other recordkeeping schemes; none of them applies to extralabel drug use records.

    Reference: PART 530—EXTRALABEL DRUG USE IN ANIMALS — 21 CFR 530.5(b)

  6. 6An accredited veterinarian is asked to issue a health certificate for a single horse that is not enrolled in any regular health maintenance program. The owner reports that the horse was examined by the practice three weeks ago and has been well since. How recently must the accredited veterinarian have personally inspected that horse for the certificate to be issued?

    1. A. Within 10 days prior to issuance
    2. B. Within 30 days prior to issuance
    3. C. Within 60 days prior to issuance
    4. D. Within 90 days prior to issuance

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The federal standard provides that an accredited veterinarian "shall not issue a certificate, form, record or report which reflects the results of any inspection, test, vaccination or treatment performed by him or her with respect to any animal, other than those in regular health maintenance programs, unless he or she has personally inspected that animal within 10 days prior to issuance." Thirty days is the interval that applies only after the third and subsequent inspections of a herd or flock enrolled in a regular health maintenance program; sixty and ninety days are not intervals this standard uses for personal inspection.

    Reference: PART 161—REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS FOR ACCREDITED VETERINARIANS AND SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION OF SUCH ACCREDITATION — 9 CFR 161.4(a)

  7. 7A veterinarian telephones a boarded internist for advice on managing a complicated endocrine case but keeps the patient in her own hospital. Under the professional code of conduct, who remains responsible for the patient?

    1. A. The attending veterinarian continues to be responsible for the patient and maintains the veterinarian-client-patient relationship
    2. B. The consulting veterinarian becomes responsible for the patient from the moment that advice on the case is given
    3. C. Responsibility is shared equally between the attending and the consulting veterinarians until the case is resolved
    4. D. Responsibility passes to the consulting veterinarian, but only for those aspects of the case on which advice was sought

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The code distinguishes consultation from referral and states of the first: "The attending veterinarian continues to be responsible for the patient and maintains the VCPR when a consultation occurs." Shared or partial transfer of responsibility, and transfer to the consultant, describe how responsibility does move on referral, which is defined in the same code as "the transfer of responsibility of diagnosis and treatment from a referring veterinarian to a receiving veterinarian"; they do not describe a consultation.

    Reference: Principles of veterinary medical ethics of the AVMA | American Veterinary Medical Association — Principles of Veterinary Medical Ethics, Code of Conduct, Consultation and Referral

  8. 8Before releasing a group of extralabel-treated market lambs, a veterinarian must set a withdrawal period longer than any on the label. Which kind of source does federal guidance identify for the scientific information supporting that extended period?

    1. A. Scientific literature, academia, or the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank
    2. B. The drug sponsor's technical services department and the product's freedom of information summary
    3. C. The State department of agriculture's residue monitoring program and its sampling reports
    4. D. The packer's residue testing laboratory and its historical violation rates for the species

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The federal guidance directs the veterinarian to "establish a substantially extended withdrawal period supported by appropriate scientific information. You may get this information from such sources as scientific literature, academia, or the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank". Sponsor technical services, State monitoring programs, and packer laboratories are all real parts of the residue avoidance system, but none of them is the source this guidance names for setting the extended period.

    Reference: The Ins and Outs of Extra-Label Drug Use in Animals: A Resource for Veterinarians | FDA — The Ins and Outs of Extra-Label Drug Use in Animals, 'Conditions for Extra-Label Drug Use in Food-Producing Animals'

  9. 9An accredited veterinarian must inspect cattle in a crowded alleyway before issuing movement paperwork. Under the federal standards for accredited veterinarian duties, what is the stated purpose of the requirement that the inspection be conducted in a location with sufficient space?

    1. A. To allow the veterinarian to observe the animal well enough to detect abnormalities of locomotion, body excretion, respiration, and skin condition
    2. B. To allow the veterinarian to apply and read official identification devices, tags, and tattoos without the animals crowding one another
    3. C. To allow the veterinarian to separate animals by age, sex, and production class before entering breed information on the official document
    4. D. To allow the veterinarian to collect blood, urine, and tissue specimens without contaminating them with material from other animals

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The standard ties the space requirement directly to observation: "Inspections under this paragraph must be conducted in a location that allows the accredited veterinarian sufficient space to observe the animal in such a manner as to detect abnormalities related to areas such as, but not limited to, locomotion, body excretion, respiration, and skin conditions." Applying identification, recording breed information, and collecting uncontaminated specimens are all real accredited duties set out elsewhere in the accreditation regulations, but none of them is the reason this provision gives for the space requirement.

    Reference: PART 161—REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS FOR ACCREDITED VETERINARIANS AND SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION OF SUCH ACCREDITATION — 9 CFR 161.4(a)

  10. 10During ante-mortem inspection at a federally inspected establishment, a market hog is found to have a rectal temperature of 106.4 degrees Fahrenheit and a steer in the adjacent pen has a rectal temperature of 105.2 degrees Fahrenheit. Applying the federal ante-mortem inspection thresholds, how should each animal be handled?

    1. A. Both animals meet the temperature threshold for condemnation for their species
    2. B. Only the hog meets the temperature threshold, because the bovine threshold is 106 degrees Fahrenheit
    3. C. Only the steer meets the temperature threshold, because the porcine threshold is 107 degrees Fahrenheit
    4. D. Neither animal meets the temperature threshold, because both thresholds are set at 107 degrees Fahrenheit

    Answer: A

    Explanation: The federal ante-mortem inspection rule sets two different thresholds: "Any swine having a temperature of 106 °F. or higher and any cattle, sheep, goats, horses, mules, or other equines having a temperature of 105 °F. or higher shall be identified as U.S. Condemned." The hog at 106.4 degrees and the steer at 105.2 degrees each equal or exceed the threshold that applies to its own species, so both meet it. The distractors swap the two species thresholds or raise both to a value the regulation does not use.

    Reference: PART 309—ANTE-MORTEM INSPECTION — 9 CFR 309.3(c)

Topics in this practice bank

These topics describe the available practice for North American Veterinary Licensing Examination. Review the examination outline and its sources for scope and allocation details.

  • Clinical Practice (competency domain; target blueprint 70%)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Create or update medical records
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Develop a differential diagnosis
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Formulate a diagnostic plan
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Formulate possible differential diagnoses
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret cytologic specimens
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret diagnostic images (e.g., ECG, endoscopy, ultrasound, x-ray)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret findings from laboratory tests (e.g., urine, blood, tissue)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret findings from physical examination
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret findings from postmortem specimen
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret principles of pathophysiology and mechanism of action
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Interpret results of system-specific examination (e.g., ophthalmic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, dental)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Investigate possible exposure of companion animal to toxin
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Investigate possible exposure of food or game animal to toxin
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Observe or interpret an animal’s mental status and other aspects of behavior
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Obtain animal health history from client
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Obtain diagnostic images (e.g., ultrasound, x-ray)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Obtain specimens or samples for laboratory studies (e.g., urine, blood, tissue)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform general physical examination
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform postmortem examination to determine cause of death
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform standard diagnostic tests on samples (e.g., urine, blood, tissue)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Perform system-specific examination (e.g., ophthalmic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, dental)
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Prioritize need for diagnostic procedures considering available resources
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Read and interpret production records or farm-based computer reports to understand herd-level health parameters
    • Data Gathering and Interpretation (target blueprint 35%) — Review animal medical records to determine health status
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Administer a biological or pharmacological agent other than anesthesia, including blood, vaccinations, drugs, and medications
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Administer general anesthesia
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Administer local anesthesia
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Apply a splint, cast or other stabilization device
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Care for wounds or surgical incisions (e.g., suture, dress)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Determine prognosis
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Establish a rehabilitation plan
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Establish a treatment plan
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Evaluate a treatment outcome
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Formulate or evaluate a behavior modification plan
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Formulate patient/herd/population management and treatment plans (e.g., stall rest, medication, raising curtains in a pig barn, testing feed)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Perform common therapeutic/surgical procedures (e.g., tissue biopsy, wound drainage)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Perform major surgical procedures (e.g., abdominal, orthopedic)
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Prescribe a biological or pharmacological agent
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Refer clients to veterinary specialists for further diagnostic studies or treatment
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Synthesize multiple sources of diagnostic information, including local disease prevalence, to determine diagnosis
    • Health Maintenance and Problem Management (listed in the target blueprint as 'Health Maintenance and Prevention', 35%) — Treat minor injuries or trauma (e.g., abrasions, lacerations, eye wounds)
  • Preventive Medicine and Animal Welfare (competency domain; target blueprint 15%)
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Certify that animals or animal products meet certain standards (e.g., living conditions, sanitation, health or disease status)
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Conduct or oversee an animal welfare audit
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Conduct periodic/annual examinations on client animals and discuss vaccination, deworming, diet, exercise, and other wellness considerations
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Explain to client the components of an animal welfare audit
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Identify and take action on animal welfare problems
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Verify that diseased or infected animals have been managed according to professional or governmental guidelines
    • Animal Welfare Issues and Concerns (target blueprint 6%) — Work with community groups or regulatory bodies to address the ethical treatment, health, and welfare of animals
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Apply isolation or quarantine and/or disinfection measures to own work environment as a means of disease prevention/control
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Ensure proper disposal of biomedical waste
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Evaluate animal environments to identify possible epidemiological problems and public health concerns
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Inform client or community about effective methods for managing animal or human waste
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Inspect practice environment (e.g., clinic, vehicle) to ensure that it is safe and accessible
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Instruct client about methods to humanely terminate diseased animals and dispose of infected carcasses
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Instruct staff, colleagues, or others about proper technique for disposal of biomedical waste
    • Environmental Health and Safety (target blueprint 5%) — Monitor workplace to verify that it complies with hazardous materials requirements
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Apply isolation or quarantine procedures as a means of disease prevention and control
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Collaborate or consult with clients, health professionals, government agencies, or community groups on public health issues such as food safety and zoonotic disease
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Conduct a community education workshop on some topic related to animal or human health
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Consult with community stakeholders about animal population control
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Discuss animal care options with an immunocompromised owner
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Formulate a patient/herd management and/or treatment plan for public health and/or zoonotic disease cases or concerns
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Inform clients or community about prevention and treatment of zoonotic organism exposure
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Inspect food to ensure consumer safety
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Investigate a disease outbreak
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Participate in disease control or eradication program
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Participate in epidemiologic inquiry of a reportable disease by collecting, handling, or transporting specimens/samples
    • Veterinary Public Health (target blueprint 4%) — Report a transboundary or zoonotic disease to state, regional, or national agency
    • Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics (no separate subdomain percentage is published in the target blueprint) — Apply the fundamentals of epidemiology and/or biostatistics
    • Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics (no separate subdomain percentage is published in the target blueprint) — Interpret biostatistical or epidemiologic principles or problems
    • Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics (no separate subdomain percentage is published in the target blueprint) — Investigate epidemiologic problems
  • Communications (competency domain; the target blueprint lists 'Communication' at 8%)
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Build relationships with junior colleagues or new graduates
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Consult with other veterinarians or veterinary specialists regarding animal care
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Delegate delivery of veterinary care and services to associates or staff
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Deliver verbal case summaries to other veterinarians or members of the health care team
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Describe disaster preparedness plan to coworkers
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Engage regulatory bodies to improve standards of practice or to address other professional issues
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Explain results of research to non-veterinary health workers (e.g., staff, other agencies)
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Guide the work of associates or other staff in the delivery of veterinary services
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Mentor and supervise veterinary and veterinary technician students
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Respond to unprofessional or unethical behavior in others
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Train staff in animal health and care
    • Communications with Veterinary and Other Professionals (target blueprint 'Communication with Veterinary and other Professionals' 3%) — Write a case summary for use by other veterinarians or members of the health care team
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Advise client on health maintenance for herd, flock or individual pet (e.g., husbandry, production management, public health, wellness exams)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Advise client regarding appropriate and inappropriate pharmacy compounding
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Discuss euthanasia with client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Discuss strategies with producer or client to reduce antibiotic resistance and/or antibiotic residues
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Discuss the limits of legal extra-label drug use with client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Ensure that client understands the effects of prescribed pharmaceuticals, including chemotherapeutics (e.g., withdrawal time, side effects)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Explain diagnosis and prognosis to clients using lay terminology
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Explain research results to client, describing its implications for animal care
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Help clients differentiate trustworthy from unreliable information (e.g., from Internet or advertisements) to support the care of their animals
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Inform client of bad news (e.g., animal terminal illness, show animal that can’t be bred)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Instruct clients on how to obtain diagnostic information from an animal’s home environment (e.g., sleeping respiratory rate, stool or urine samples)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Instruct clients on methods for isolating and quarantining diseased animals
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Negotiate payment plan with a client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Obtain informed consent from client
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Provide instruction regarding food safety practices
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Provide verbal instructions to client regarding follow-up care (e.g., medications, wound care, environmental enrichment)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Recommend management options to clients that are consistent with their cultural norms and personal values
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Refer client for grief counseling
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Talk with client to clarify concerns and expectations regarding type and level of care
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Teach client about preventive care (e.g., nutrition, behavior, dental, vaccines, parasites)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Use appropriate communication techniques (e.g., open-ended inquiry, empathy)
    • Communications with Clients (target blueprint 'Communication with Clients' 5%) — Write a summary of animal care instructions for a client
  • Professionalism, Practice Management, and Wellness (competency domain; target blueprint 'Professionalism, Practice Management and Wellness' 7%)
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Apply appropriate animal restraint
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Describe workings of benefit plan (e.g., retirement, health insurance) to staff
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Develop a budget for own practice or employer
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Develop standard operating procedures (e.g., procedures manual for practice or work environment)
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Evaluate and purchase major medical equipment
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Evaluate and purchase office/practice management software
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Evaluate new medications, products, or treatment procedures to determine suitability for own practice
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Negotiate work or practice arrangements (e.g., compensation, work schedule) with colleagues
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Prepare or update employee handbook
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Purchase expendable supplies (e.g., pharmaceuticals, dressing)
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Review practice management data, including business and financial records
    • Veterinary Practice Management (target blueprint 4%) — Supervise paraprofessional or technical support staff
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Attend a professional development seminar or workshop
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Attend training on emerging technologies in veterinary medicine
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Conduct oneself in a professional, ethical, and legal manner
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Consult reference materials (e.g., journals, online databases, other) to help formulate diagnosis or treatment options
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Encourage veterinarian and support staff wellness
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Exchange new scientific or technical information with other health professionals
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Give a talk at a professional meeting
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in activities of local, national, or international professional association (e.g., state veterinarian association)
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in online professional development activity
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in or conduct an investigation to test a new procedure (e.g., diagnostic, nutritional, medication, surgical)
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Participate in professional development activities (e.g., continuing education, board certification)
    • Professional Development and Lifelong Learning (target blueprint 'Professional Development and Life-Long Learning' 3%) — Read a journal article for professional development

How to use these free practice questions

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These are independent study questions, not actual examination items. For examination requirements and official information, view North American Veterinary Licensing Examination details.